Performance and Threshold Counters for Exchange Server 2010 - Mailbox Load Based

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Here the most important performance counters and their thresholds is critical to establishing a performance baseline and monitoring plan to proactively monitor your Exchange 2010 environment and troubleshoot and resolve issues when they arise

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Client Activity Counters

MSExchangeIS\RPC Client Backoff/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the rate that the server notifies the client to back off.
Indicates the rate at which client backoffs are occurring.
Higher values may indicate that the server may be incurring a higher load resulting in an increase in overall averaged RPC latencies, causing client throttling to occur.
This can also occur when certain client user actions are being performed. Depending on what the client is doing and the rate at which RPC operations are occurring, it may be normal to see backoffs occurring.
MSExchangeIS\Client: RPCs Failed:Server Too Busy/sec	Should be 0 at all times.
Shows the client-reported rate of failed RPCs (since the store was started) due to the Server Too Busy ROC error.	Higher values may indicate RPC threads are exhausted or client throttling is occurring for clients running versions of Outlook earlier than Microsoft Office Outlook 2007.
MSExchangeIS\Client: RPCs Failed:Server Too Busy	Should be 0 at all times.
The client-reported number of failed RPCs (since the store was started) due to the Server Too Busy ROC error.

Information Store Counters for Determining User Load

MSExchangeIS Client(*)\RPC Operations/sec	Not applicable.
Shows what client protocol is performing an excessive amount of RPC Operations/sec.
High IMAP4, POP3, or Outlook Anywhere latency can indicate problems with Client Access servers rather than Mailbox servers. This is especially true when Other Clients (which includes MAPI) latency is lower in comparison.
In some instances, high IMAP latencies could indicate a bottleneck on the Mailbox server in addition to the latencies that the Client Access server is experiencing.
MSExchangeIS Client (*)\RPC Average Latency	Should be less than 10 ms on average.
	Wide disparities between different client types, such as IMAP4, Outlook Anywhere, or Other Clients (MAPI), can help direct troubleshooting to appropriate subcomponents.
MSExchangeIS Client(*)\JET Log Records/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the rate that database log records are generated while processing requests for the client.
Used to determine current load.
MSExchangeIS Client(*)\JET Pages Read/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the rate that database pages are read from disk while processing requests for the client.
Used to determine current load.
MSExchangeIS Client(*)\Directory Access: LDAP Reads/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the current rate that the LDAP reads occur while processing requests for the client.
Used to determine the current LDAP read rate per protocol.
MSExchangeIS Client(*)\Directory Access: LDAP Searches/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the current rate that the LDAP searches occur while processing requests for the client.
Used to determine the current LDAP search rate per protocol.
MSExchangeIS Mailbox(_Total)\Messages Delivered/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the rate that messages are delivered to all recipients.
Indicates current message delivery rate to the store.
MSExchangeIS Mailbox(_Total)\Messages Sent/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the rate that messages are sent to transport.
Used to determine current messages sent to transport.
MSExchangeIS Mailbox(_Total)\Messages Submitted/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the rate that messages are submitted by clients.
Used to determine current rate that messages are being submitted by clients.
MSExchangeIS\User Count	Not applicable.
Shows the number of users connected to the information store.
Used to determine current user load.
MSExchangeIS Public(_Total)\Replication Receive Queue Size	Should be less than 100 at all times.
Shows the number of replication messages waiting to be processed.	This value should return to a minimum value between replication intervals.

Mailbox Assistant Counters

MSExchange Assistants(*)\Mailboxes Processed/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the rate of mailboxes processed by time-based assistants per second.
Determines current load statistics for this counter.
MSExchange Assistants(*)\Events Polled/sec	Not applicable.
Shows the number of events polled per second.
Determines current load statistics for this counter.

-Dario